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- July 1991
-
-
- POLICE PRACTICES:
- OPERATION STAR
-
-
- Miami, Florida, attracts a significant number of tourists
- each year. The climate of the city acts as a magnet to those
- wanting to escape to a place known for its balmy weather,
- sunshine, surf, and sand. In turn, these tourists have to offer
- what every U.S. city needs--money. Without these tourist
- dollars, Miami's economy suffers considerably. Therefore, the
- city must remain attractive to vacationers. One way to ensure
- this is to reduce the number of crimes committed against
- tourists.
-
- To protect visitors from the city's criminal element, the
- Miami Police Department instituted Operation STAR (Safeguarding
- Tourists Against Robberies). The department took this action
- when it began to notice an upswing in robberies involving
- tourists.
-
- THE PROBLEM
-
- Increasingly, vacationers and business travelers were
- becoming the prey of criminals. Those committing crimes would
- target people driving rental vehicles, knowing that the
- occupants always carried money, cameras, or other valuables.
- Also, since these victims were from out of town, they usually
- were reluctant to return to be witnesses for the prosecution,
- and the criminals realized this.
-
- Criminals developed innovative approaches to their victims.
- One method was to bump the rear of the victims vehicle with
- their own. The victims, believing they were involved in a minor
- accident, would exit their vehicle to assess the damage. When
- they did this, the criminals, using force or at gunpoint, would
- rob the victims of money, jewelry, and sometimes even the rented
- car.
-
- Another effective method was to pull alongside vehicles and
- gesture or yell to the passengers that something was wrong.
- When the occupants stopped to investigate, they would fall
- victim to the robbery. Or, the criminals would simply drive
- through areas of the city looking for people trying to read a
- map. They would then approach the vehicle, as if they were
- going to offer assistance. In most cases, however, they would
- just open the door, drag the victims from the vehicle, and
- commit the robbery.
-
- THE SOLUTION
-
- The department realized that it must take a proactive
- approach to this problem. One idea that surfaced was to conduct
- decoy operations within areas of the city that attracted large
- tourist populations. This decoy operation was given the name
- "Operation STAR."
-
- To begin, two Operation STAR teams were formed. Each
- consisted of a sergeant and seven officers, one of whom was
- female. It was decided to use a female decoy officer to
- increase the appearance of vulnerability.
-
- The decoy would stop her rented vehicle in one of the
- targeted areas and raise the hood to make it appear as a
- disabled vehicle. Or, she would stop to use a pay phone and act
- as if she was calling to get directions. At all times, the
- other officers, riding in an undercover vehicle, kept the decoy
- under surveillance, including the use of a video camera. A
- video tape showing what transpired during the robberies was
- especially useful for prosecution.
-
- GOOD SAMARITANS
-
- Oftentimes, people from the area offered to assist the
- female decoy officer. On one occasion, a vehicle with three
- occupants drove past the decoy vehicle and noticed the lone
- female. They circled the block and parked their vehicle nearby.
- One suspect stayed in the car with the engine running, while the
- other two approached the decoy officer. As they began to walk
- toward the decoy, a tow truck operator stopped to help the
- would-be victim and refused to leave, even though the decoy did
- not want his help. Seeing this, the two suspects then walked
- back to the car and departed the area.
-
- USE OF THE MEDIA
-
- The department decided to conduct a media blitz of
- Operation STAR to deter criminal activity. News personnel from
- a local television station were invited to ride with the STAR
- teams and video tape what transpired. Because of the wide
- publicity, criminals became wary of tourists, not knowing if
- they were really visitors or the decoy team in action.
-
- ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
-
- The Operation STAR teams enlisted the help of the
- department's Career Criminal Detail to monitor suspects as they
- were processed through the criminal justice system. Some of the
- offenders had several previous arrests, mostly for robbery.
- This fact resulted in many remaining in custody with increased
- bonds and facing longer sentences upon conviction.
-
- CONCLUSION
-
- Operation STAR continues to shine in Miami. During the
- initial operation, the city realized a 12-percent reduction in
- robberies. In fact, August and September 1990, the first 2
- months of Operation STAR, showed the lowest number of robberies
- reported for any month during the entire fiscal year.
-
- Because of the success of Operation STAR, the department
- formed a new detail that will work only decoy operations,
- although using different scenarios. Hopefully, tourists will
- realize that the police department is working to make their
- visits to Miami enjoyable by ensuring that they are crime-free.
-
- _______________
-
- Commander M. Frank Shonberger, Crime Scene Investigation
- Unit, and Sgt. Bradford Swink, Supervisor of the Robbery Detail,
- Miami, Florida, Police Department, provided the information for
- this column.